The test detects antibodies of all classes against Treponema pallidum using a lateral flow immunochromatographic method. When the sample and buffer are applied to the sample pad, the liquid migrates through the conjugate pad, where it reconstitutes colloidal gold conjugated with T. pallidum antigens. The antibodies in the sample bind to these antigens, forming a visible color line in the test zone (T). If antibodies are absent, no line will appear. A control line (C) ensures the test is valid.